Can a search warrant be challenged?

A warrant isn't the end of the inquiry. Four distinct attacks exist.

Sufficiency. Whether the facts in the affidavit actually establish probable cause, judged on what's within its four corners. Conclusory assertions, stale information, and uncorroborated tips are the recurring problems.

Truthfulness. Where an affidavit contains a deliberate falsehood or a reckless disregard for the truth, and the false material was necessary to the finding of probable cause, a hearing can be sought to challenge it.

Scope. A warrant authorizing a search for one thing doesn't authorize a general search. Officers who exceed the described scope have conducted a warrantless search of whatever lay beyond it.

Execution. How and when the warrant was carried out, whether announcement requirements applied and were followed, and whether the search stayed within the authorized premises.

There's also a good faith exception that can preserve evidence where officers reasonably relied on a warrant later found defective — which is why the truthfulness challenge matters.